Frangible seal and nozzle for bottles



(No Model.)

, A. W. STORM. FRANGIBLE-SEAL AND NOZZLE FOR BOTTLES.

N0. 582,322. Patented May 11', 1897.

MZieJi: Inventor.

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' UNITED STATES PATENT UFFIQE.

ALFRED XV. STORM, OF RAMSEY, NEW? JERSEY, ASSIGN OR OF ONE-TENTH TOTHOMAS S. CRANE, OF EAST ORANGE, NEW JERSEY.

FRANGIBLESEAL AND NOZZLE FOR BOTTLES.

SPEGIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 582,322, dated May 11,1897.

Application filed January 22,1896. Serial No. 576,417. (N0 model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ALFRED W. STORM, a citizen of the United States,residing at Ramsey, Bergen county, New Jersey, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Frangible Seals and Nozzles for Bottles,fully described and represented in the following specification and theaccompanying drawings, forming a part of the same.

The object of this invention is to furnish a constructionforhermetically securingliquids in glass bottles and to facilitate thebreaking of such seal and the use of the contents when the bottle isbroken. To facilitate the hermetic sealing of the bottle, the neckisreduced abruptly to a nozzle of materially smaller diameter and less instrength than the neck of the bottle, by which construction the tip ofthe nozzle can be melted in a blowpipe-fiame with very great despatchand a low degree of heat.

By making the nozzle materially smaller than the neck it is adapted tofurnish a most convenient spout for pouring the contents, if valuable orcorrosive, into other bottles or receptacles without any spilling ordripping of the fluid, and it may also be readily broken after it ishermetically sealed. A nick is preferably made in the base of the nozzleto determine the point of breakage.

By making the nozzle materially smaller than the neck it possesses butlittle strength and thus requires protection in transportation, and Itherefore form the neck of the bottle below the contracted portion witha suitable seat and apply a detachable cap to the same to cover andprotect the nozzle. The cap also serves to prevent the evaporation ofthe bot-' tles contents after the nozzle is broken and before thecontents are entirely removed. When the nozzle is thus sealed andprotected by a cap, the bottle forms a sealed package which can besafely transported and whose contents are absolutely protected fromleakage.

By forming a nick upon the side of the nozzle near its junction with theneck it is readily adapted to fracture transversely, so as to form anefficient spout; but the shortness of such nozzle if it be rescaled bymelting the glass distinguishes it clearly in appearance from theoriginal nozzle and thus shows that the bottle is not an originalpackage.

The initial length of the nozzle (which may be made uniform, so as tobecome known to the public) or the nick upon the same, which isdestroyed in opening the bottle, thus serves, when present, to guaranteethe genuineness of the bottles contents.

Tofacilitate the filling or emptying of the bottle through a relativelysmall nozzle, the bottle-neck is preferably formed with another nozzleto serve as an air-vent, and I have shown such a construction in theannexed drawings, in which Figure 1 is'a side elevation of the bottle,(broken transversely for want of room in the drawing,) with a cap fittedto a screw-thread upon the neck of the bottle, and one of the nozzles,aswell as the cap, being shown in section at the center line wherehatched. Two nozzles are shown upon the bottle in Fig. 1; and Fig. 2represents the neck of the same bottle with the nozzles brokeninreadiness to use the contents. Fig. 3 represents the neck of a bottlewith a conical ground seat and the nozzle in its unsealed condition.Fig. 4: represents such bottle-neck with the nozzle sealed and a capfitted to the ground seat. Figs. 3 and 4 may be taken to represent abottle-neck provided with a single nozzle, or with two nozzles, as inFig. 1, viewed laterally, so that one nozzle would hide the other. Adotted curve 0 is shown in Fig. 4 to represent the depression betweenthe nozzles, which is apparent in Fig. 1.

A is the body of the bottle, B the neck of the same, and O C the nozzlesextended upward from the neck. The neck is tapered upwardly into thebase of each nozzle, so that an edge View of the two nozzles, which arerepresented in Fig. 1, would appear the same as the view of the singlenozzle shown in Fig. 4, and the top of the neck just below the taperingportion is provided with a screw-thread D, Figs. 1 and 2, or conicalground seat D, as in Fig. 4. p

A metallic cap E is shown fitted to the screw-thread D and extended overthe nozzles C O in Fig. 1, and a glass or vitreous cap E is shown fittedto the ground seat D in Fig. 4 and extended over the nozzle. Such nozzleis lettered C as it may, differently from Fig. 1, designate a singlenozzle upon the bottleneck, and the nozzle in Fig. 3 is designated C asit represents the unsealed nozzle or nozzles when first made by theglass-blower in readiness for filling the bottle and subsequent sealing.A nick F is shown upon each sealed nozzle transversely across the samenear its junction with the neck B, and such a nick is readily formedafter the nozzle is sealed by means of a file or diamond, and produces asquare fracture across the tube of the nozzle when the latter is strucklaterally'above the nick.

The nozzles being much weaker than the neck of the.bottle require theprotection of the cap E or E during transportation before the bottle isopened, while the construction of the nozzle and its neck is exactlyadapted to facilitate the opening of the package by a light blow uponthe nozzle, which may be effected with a lead-pencil, penknife, or anyother agent, requiring much less force than the extraction of a cork.

The cap E or E is made of suitable height to inclose the nozzles intheir initial condition; but it is obvious that the nozzles, if resealedafter they are broken off, as shown in Fig. 2, would not projectanywhere near to the top of the cap.

Any one familiar with the initial appearance of such nozzles that is tosay, with their ordinary length when first sealed and the visible nick Fupon the side of eachwould readily discover that the bottle had beentampered with if it were exhibited to him with the broken nozzlesrescaled; and the construction thus furnishes an effective means ofpreventing the fraudulent refilling of bottles, and without the use ofany mechanism or valve fixtures of any kind.

In filling the bottle with single neck the filling-tube would be madesmall enough to pass downward through a single nozzle, the space betweenthe tube and nozzle permitting the air to escape, but where two nozzlesare provided the liquid is introduced or removed from one and the otherfurnishes an air-vent, which permits a very free and rapid movement ofthe liquid.

My invention may be practiced with a bot tle of any suitable vitreousmaterial adapted for hermetically sealing by the use of a flame orblowpipe applied to the tip of the nozzle.

The whole device, when sealed, constitutes a sealed liquid-package inwhich the contents are hermetically inclosed and the nozzle protectedfrom accidental injury.

I am aware that bottle-mouths have been scaled by fusion and by weldingglass caps upon the same, and I do not, therefore, claim the merehermetical sealing of a bottle by such means. A nick formed in the sideof a bottle-neck is not, as experience shows, capable of insuring aperfect fracture across the neck of the bottle when struck to break oifthe same, as the strength of an ordinary bottleneck is such as torequire considerable force to fracture it.

I am aware that detachable caps have been used upon bottles having opennecks, as in receptacles for mucilage, syrups, and liquors; but I am notaware that a detachable cap has ever been employed to protect a nozzle11ermetically sealed with a delicate point which would be readilyinjured by concussion, and the cap thus performs a special function inprotecting a nozzle which is made of much smaller diameter than thebottle-neck, so that it will be much weaker relatively than the neck.

I am aware that it has been proposed to weld glass buttons, disks, andcaps of various kinds upon a bottle-neck, but my construction diifersessentially from this in closing the outletto the neck itself and infacilitating such closure with a blowpipe by forming the neck with anabruptly -reduced nozzle. I hereby disclaim the mere use of a cap or theuse of fusion for hermetically scaling a bot tle-neck, as my inventioninvolves the abrupt reduction of the neck to form the nozzle and thearrangement of the seat upon the unreduced portion of the neck below thebase of the nozzle.

The advantages of my invention will be apparent from the fact that thestrength of the nozzle varies with the square of the diameterif of thesame thickness as the neck; but as it would not need to be more thanone-half of the thickness of the neck it maybe broken with one-eighth orone-sixteenth of the force required to sever the neck. The sameproportion holds good in regard to the heat required to seal suchnozzle, and not more than one-eighth or one-sixteenth of the heat wouldbe required that would be necessary to fuse the neck of the bottle, andmy device thus f urnishes a very economical seal and the most convenientand effective means of breaking the same,while preserving a practicablespout for future use upon the bottle.

If the nozzle were tapered materially from its base toward its point, itwould be stronger at the base than at any intermediate place and wouldbe more difiicult to fracture at a given point. I therefore make thenozzles parallel, as shown in Figs. 1, 3, and 4, by which construction alateral blow upon the nozzle tends, by its leverage, to break it off assquare as possible to the base, and a nick formed adjacent to the basethus readily determines the point of fracture.

It will be noticed that the tendency of the nozzle to fracture withoutinjury to the neck of the bottle is greatly enhanced by reducing thebottle-neck abruptly, as shown in the drawings, to form the projectingnozzle, so that a very considerable difference in the relative strengthof the neck and nozzle is produced within a very short distance,whichdetermines with more certainty the point where the nozzle is liable tobreak when struck laterally.

IIO

It will also be understood that the nick when formed near the base ofthe nozzle, as shown in Fig. 1, lies intermediate to the strong orunreduced portion of the bottle-neck and the projecting nozzle, which ismaterially smaller than the neck,- so that the portion below the nick ismuch stronger than the portion above the nick. The nick thus lies in thebest position to facilitate a transverse fracture of the nozzle, as theportion below the nick is of so much greater strength than that abovethe same that a lateral blow upon the nozzle has no tendency to break orshatter the portion below the nick. I have therefore claimed a lateralnick upon the nozzle in this relation to the bottle-neck where itsdimensions are reduced to form the nozzle.

Having thus set forth the nature of myinvention, what I claim, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A sealed liquidpackage comprising a vitreous bottle having the neckreduced abruptly near the top to an integral contracted nozzle ofparallel tubular form with hermetically-sealed end, the nozzle beingmaterially less in strength than the neck and provided near the basewith a transverse nick to determine the point of fracture, and the neckbeing provided below the contracted portion with a seat to receive acap, and a 'cap fitted detachably to the seat to cover such nozzle andprotect the point from injury, the whole arranged and operatedsubstantially as herein set forth.

2. A sealed liquidpackage, comprising a vitreous bottle having a neckextended into two reduced nozzles, said nozzles being hermeticallysealed and provided each with a transverse nick to facilitate breakage,and a cap being fitted detachably over the nozzles and secured upon theneck by a suitable tight joint, the cap performing the double functionof protecting the nozzles until broken, and thereafter preventing theevaporation of the bottles contents, as and for the purpose set forth.

3. As a new article of manufacture, a vitreous bottle having the neckprovided with a screw-thread and extended into two reduced nozzles ofsuitable length to be hermetically sealed and fractured transverselywithout injury to the bottle-neck or thread, such nozzles servingrespectively as an inlet and outlet in filling or discharging thebottle, and the thread being ada'ptedto receive a detachable cap,substantially as herein set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

' ALFRED STORM.

Witnesses:

THOMAS S. CRANE, EDWARD 1 KINSEY.

